真空感應熔煉爐的作業頻率在50-10Hz之間,廣泛用于有色金屬和黑色金屬的熔煉。與其他鑄造設備相比較,中頻感應電爐具有熱效率高、熔煉時間短、合金元素燒損少、熔煉材質廣、對環境污染小、能準確控制金屬液的溫度和成分等優點。

1、真空感應爐作業原理由于具有以上諸多優點,中頻爐作為鑄造車間的首要熔煉設備,得到了越來越多的使用。中頻爐首要由電源、感應圈及感應圈內用耐火材料筑成的坩堝組成。坩堝內盛有金屬爐料,相當于變壓器的副繞組,當感應圈接通交流電源時,在感應圈內發生交變磁場,其磁力線切割坩堝中的金屬爐料,在爐料中就發生了感應電動勢,由于爐料本身構成一閉合回路,此副繞組的特點是僅有一匝而且是閉合的。所以在爐料中同時發生感應電流,感應電流通過爐料時,對爐料進行加熱促使其熔化。

2、真空感應爐故障剖析

2.1整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)部分毛(mao)(mao)(mao)病(bing)(1)輸(shu)入(ru)的(de)(de)(de)(de)三相電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)不(bu)(bu)平(ping)衡,平(ping)波電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗器(qi)(qi)(qi)振(zhen)蕩噪音(yin)大(da),功率(lv)(lv)(lv)無(wu)法上升。這(zhe)(zhe)一毛(mao)(mao)(mao)病(bing)現(xian)象(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)首要(yao)原因(yin)(yin)(yin)是(shi)快(kuai)熔燒(shao)(shao)。發(fa)現(xian)快(kuai)熔燒(shao)(shao)后,應先查(cha)(cha)(cha)看(kan)(kan)損壞(huai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)熔是(shi)否(fou)發(fa)熱棘手,掃除快(kuai)熔自(zi)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)原因(yin)(yin)(yin)后,再查(cha)(cha)(cha)看(kan)(kan)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)晶(jing)閘管(guan)(guan)是(shi)否(fou)有(you)擊穿(chuan)。(2)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)下降(jiang)并不(bu)(bu)穩,平(ping)波電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗器(qi)(qi)(qi)振(zhen)蕩噪音(yin)大(da),功率(lv)(lv)(lv)無(wu)法上升。這(zhe)(zhe)一毛(mao)(mao)(mao)病(bing)現(xian)象(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)首要(yao)原因(yin)(yin)(yin)是(shi)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)晶(jing)閘管(guan)(guan)擊穿(chuan)。發(fa)現(xian)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)晶(jing)閘管(guan)(guan)擊穿(chuan)后,應先查(cha)(cha)(cha)看(kan)(kan)快(kuai)熔是(shi)否(fou)有(you)問題,再替換(huan)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)晶(jing)閘管(guan)(guan)。(3)平(ping)波電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗器(qi)(qi)(qi)沖(chong)擊聲大(da)。這(zhe)(zhe)一毛(mao)(mao)(mao)病(bing)現(xian)象(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原因(yin)(yin)(yin)較雜亂,應先查(cha)(cha)(cha)看(kan)(kan)中頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)與直流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)比是(shi)否(fou)在(zai)1.3～1.5之(zhi)間,假(jia)如在(zai)正(zheng)常(chang)比值范圍(wei)內(nei)(nei),應查(cha)(cha)(cha)看(kan)(kan)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)晶(jing)閘管(guan)(guan)觸(chu)(chu)發(fa)脈沖(chong)放(fang)大(da)板指示(shi)燈是(shi)否(fou)正(zheng)常(chang),平(ping)波電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗器(qi)(qi)(qi)自(zi)身絕緣是(shi)否(fou)正(zheng)常(chang)；假(jia)如不(bu)(bu)在(zai)正(zheng)常(chang)比值范圍(wei)內(nei)(nei),應查(cha)(cha)(cha)看(kan)(kan)逆變(bian)(bian)側(ce)。(4)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)偏低(di)或(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)跳動(dong)。這(zhe)(zhe)一毛(mao)(mao)(mao)病(bing)有(you)可(ke)能是(shi)觸(chu)(chu)發(fa)脈沖(chong)寬度不(bu)(bu)行、或(huo)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)晶(jing)閘管(guan)(guan)功能不(bu)(bu)良、或(huo)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)觸(chu)(chu)發(fa)板有(you)虛焊、或(huo)調功率(lv)(lv)(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位器(qi)(qi)(qi)接(jie)觸(chu)(chu)不(bu)(bu)良。(5)三相斷(duan)路器(qi)(qi)(qi)保(bao)護(hu)動(dong)作,整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)晶(jing)閘管(guan)(guan)擊穿(chuan),嚴重(zhong)時損壞(huai)大(da)部分整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路元件。這(zhe)(zhe)一毛(mao)(mao)(mao)病(bing)屬于(yu)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)(de)(de)惡(e)性(xing)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)病(bing),置(zhi)疑(yi)脈沖(chong)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)原副(fu)邊擊穿(chuan)短路,先用萬用表電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻檔(dang)R×1Ω檔(dang)測三相全控式整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)觸(chu)(chu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中的(de)(de)(de)(de)六支晶(jing)閘管(guan)(guan),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻為0,替換(huan)晶(jing)閘管(guan)(guan)后不(bu)(bu)急于(yu)送(song)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),檢測脈沖(chong)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi),看(kan)(kan)其是(shi)否(fou)起到變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)和阻隔(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用,替換(huan)。

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